The Rural Urban Gap And The Policy Response Essay

THE RURAL-URBAN GAP AND THE POLICY RESPONSE: A STUDY OF POST-INDEPENDENCE INDIA A Study of Post-Independence India ABSTRACT The rural-urban gap in development attainment has attracted the attention of many economists. Lewis, Fei-Ranis, and Harish-Todaro models focus on the rural-urban dualism in underdeveloped economies and proceed to illustrate how the economies get transformed in the process of development. When India attained independence in 1947, it was a predominantly rural, agricultural and colonially exploited poor country. During the last seven decades of development effort the country have achieved many heights and got slowly but steadily urbanized. In an attempt to bridge the rural urban gaps in development attainment, Government’s rural development policies got continuously evolved during this period. The present paper traces the changing phased of policy of rural development in Independent India and examines the outcomes of these policies in terms of the trends in the rural-urban disparities in some key development indicators. The study shows a distinct sign of reduction in the disparit y over the years. Keywords: Rural-Urban disparity, development, policy, India. 1. INTRODUCTION Disparity is divergence or inequality of character, phenomena or process. Disparity has also been defined as the condition of being unequal. Developmental disparities may manifest across income categories, social categories such as race, caste, religion and gender, and/or spaceShow MoreRelatedWorking On A Small Police Force891 Words   |  4 Pagesboth positive and negative results. On one hand, many experts believe that many small/ rural police agencies often lack the resources for support, as well as a larger territorial area of coverage, in addition to isolation from colleagues, which can often create a distance relationship between the officers and staff, as well as the difference that crime occurs than their urban counterparts. Therefore, many small rural agencies have to think outside of the box in order to provide the necessary servicesRead MoreUnder India’S New National Health Policy, 2015, The Government1621 Words   |  7 PagesUnder India’s new National Hea lth Policy, 2015, the government aims to shape the current and future healthcare system improving upon the last policy, written in 2002. The National Health Policy, 2015, emphasized potentially effective strategies to combat widespread issues by reducing the need for additional physicians amongst the already strained human resources in healthcare, addressing the need for assessment of social determinants, and incorporating the variations in culture in future outreachRead MoreAgeing Between China And China1319 Words   |  6 Pagesdramatically in most societies including developing countries is the result of declining fertility and mortality (Lutz et al. 2008). In China, between 1950 and 2015, the overall fertility rate per woman declined from 6.11 to 1.66 due to the one child policy in 1979. In terms of mortality, the total mortality rate decline from 22.2 to 7.2 per 10,000 population over the same time, contributing to a steady rise in life expectancy (WHO, 2015). Life expectancy at birth has risen from 44.6 years in 1950 toRead MoreEducation, Poor Health Care Services, And Lack Of Modern Technology1626 Words   |  7 Pagesin some of these countries, a number of other factors explain the continuing disparities in learning between rural and urban schoolchildren in sub-Saharan Africa. In light of the implication of rural poverty throughout the continent, it should come as no surprise that rural schoolchildren are the most deprived from a socioeconomic viewpoint when it comes to the path to a good education. Rural schools usually have less qualified teachers and an insufficient number of teachers for the number of childrenRead MoreProblem Statement : Youth Unemployment, Livelihood Insecurity And Social Protection1506 Words   |  7 Pagesdue to Migration. Migration often occurs as a result of poverty, lack of infrastructure, the need to search for better opportunities etc. Migration is also a response â€Å"is in response to imbalances in development existi ng between origin and destination areas.† The imbalances of resource in Ghana has resulted in an economic and development gap between the northern region and the Southern region (regions with natural resources) The roots of preferential treatment can be traced into the colonial timesRead MoreUrban Agriculture in and Around Monrovia, Liberia1144 Words   |  5 PagesUrban Agriculture in and around Monrovia, Liberia Timothy Kortu Since the end of the war that raged from 1989 to 2003, Liberia has suffered from chronic food insecure and basic socio-economic infrastructure. Urban urban poverty, improve food security and enhance urban waste management in Monrovia and other Liberian cities. Recently the government acknowledging food security in the country. rity, due to the destruction of its agricultural sector agriculture provides a strategy to help reduce Read MoreAn Examination Of Financial Attitudes, Behaviors And Influences Towards Banking1312 Words   |  6 Pagesdebit cards were issued. These new accounts have brought in deposits worth Rs 26,819 cr (US$ 4 billion) (www.rbi.org.in). Aim : The research has been conducted with the following objectives: †¢ To study the level of financial literacy among the rural masses of the area under study †¢ To check the readiness of technology driven banking by the customers/residents. †¢ To understand banks performance towards financial inclusion programmes and to emphasize the measures taken by the administration ofRead MoreReasons For M Ä€ Ori Migration1143 Words   |  5 Pageshappen drastically during the late 1930s. Currently, there are more than 80% of the MÄ ori people living in the cities with 25% of the population in Auckland city (Durie 2001:7). Money was an important reason driving the MÄ ori population to migrate to urban centres for a better lifestyle. However, money was not the only factor for urbanisation, there are other aspects interconnected with each other such as loss of land to the crown, more employment opportunities and access to education in the cities.Read MoreAcute Urbanization And The City Of Mumbai1422 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation from rural to urban. UNPD. (2007) The most alarming implications of rapid urbanization include irrevocable alteration of local and global environments, unsustainable exploitation of natural r esources and widening social equity gaps within urban areas. With the migration of masses from rural to urban ares cities are overcrowded and vulnerability and exposure aspects accruing it are in the state of change. Against this background it is imperative to examine the responses from these urban massesRead MoreIntimate Partner Violence And Sexual Relationships1379 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical forces that are surrounding them. Rural Vs Urban Environment and lifestyle have an impact on how intimate partner violence affects a society. Whether you live in a rural area than an urban area, IPV can occur. It should be noted that first and foremost no one is immune to the possibility of domestic violence happening to them from their intimate partner. So, when it comes down it has been shown that there is more likelihood of IPV occurring in urban environments. According to Websdale and Johnson

Cancer and Soy Protein Essay example - 1799 Words

Soy has been greatly exaggerated as the answer to all our problems for years. Soy, in and of itself, is toxic to the human body unless cooked thoroughly and properly. There are several side affects of soy consumption, but the one I will be discussing is cancer. The ‘miracle cure’ for cancer is said to be soy protein and isoflavone supplements. Cancer rates are at an all-time high, and the disease is the second leading cause of mortality in the United States. The idea that soy could save lives sounds amazing but, unfortunately, that is not the case. Lots of studies prove that soy protein (or isoflavones) is conflicting or unproductive, but only a few show that it might prevent cancer. Even some affirm that it can contribute to or†¦show more content†¦This puts consumers at a greater risk for many health problems, including cancer. The soy industry says that soy has a long list of evidence in the prevention and healing of gastrointestinal cancers. The fact that soy protein is linked with a lowered risk of stomach cancer but a higher risk of death from colorectal cancer was made known by the most remarkable study to come along in recent years. Little or no association is shown by most epidemiological studies. Those from the allium family like onions and garlic and yellow and green vegetables seem to be the most hopeful foods for cancer defense. Other foods have been found protective like eggplant, tomatoes, poultry, celery, tea, milk, fish, and snap beans. Soy is not the only dietary savior. The studies fail to sustain S olae Company’s petition for a health claim for soy protein, but give good support for the FDA’s endorsement of fruits and veggies as a way to prevent cancer. Foods that are pickled, smoked and fried, vegetable cooking oils, processed meats, high-salt dishes, and fermented beans mainly labeled soy miso are often associated with stomach and colon cancers. Things that have also been implicated are smoking, alcohol, noodles, bread and other starchy carbohydrates, ‘speed eating,’ and binge eating. It is not shocking that miso and other fermented soybean products are associated to gastrointestinal cancersShow MoreRelated Soy Protein: Can It Really Prevent Cancer? Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesSoy Protein: Can It Really Prevent Cancer? Society possesses a natural fear of the disease cancer. Even though this term is common, uncertainty surrounds its meaning. What exactly is cancer? A simple definition for a complicated disease is this: abnormal cell growth. Cancer can develop in just about any part of the body, and as abnormal cells grow, they crowd and destroy healthy tissue. This disease is not infectious, for if it were, a vaccination would have probably been developedRead MoreCase Study Of Soy Products Affecting Cancer1340 Words   |  6 PagesSoy Products Affecting Cancer In 2016, the United States estimated 1,685,210 new cancer cases will be diagnosed. Within those 1,685,210 about 595,690 of those people will die from the disease. (https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/statistics). In 2014, the estimated number of women in the United State living with breast cancer was 3,327,552. And the number of deaths was 21.2 per 100,000 women per year. (https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/breast.html). As a possible solution to reduceRead MoreStrength Of Association1146 Words   |  5 PagesCriticism: The existence of weak association does not rule out causality and may still be of significant effect on the disease under study. This is applied in a case where the exposure is in a common population. For instance passive smoking and lung cancer (Risk Ratio: 1.3) (Morein Stuart, n.d). Consistency: Repeated observation of an association in a different population under different circumstances showing the same results suggests that the results of a single study are not due to chance. Criticism:Read MoreA Short Note On Soy Products Good Or Bad For Cancer?1100 Words   |  5 PagesAnton PeBenito 12/5/14 Bio 100 Section-09 Lynne Dowdy Soy Products Good or Bad for Cancer? Cancer is a disease that has been an ongoing controversy on what can help to prevent getting it. Cancer is when cells are dividing at an uncontrollable rate. Cancer is developed when cancer cells go into lymph nodes and also when they take over the blood vessels, lymph nodes are when there is swelling the the lymphatic system. With the cancer there is swelling which is called a tumor. Tumor is when thereRead MoreThe Effect Of Trans Fats On Heart Disease And Plaque Buildup1383 Words   |  6 PagesSoy has been hydrogenated, which reduces the amount of polyunsaturated fats and adds trans fats to your body. Trans fats are linked to heart disease and plaque buildup in arteries. Soy is linked to cancer by interfering with enzymes your body uses to fight cancer, chronic health problems such as obesity, asthma, autoimmune disease, cancer, and bone degeneration. It’s linked to diabetes by interfering with the insulin receptors in your cell membranes. It’s also connected to he art disease by cloggingRead MoreThe Connection between Diet and Cancer Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesThe Connection between Diet and Cancer Cancer is a disease that can affect many different body parts. But no matter which body part is affected, cancer always involves cells that, due to various causes, go through genetic changes such that they start to proliferate wildly. In most forms of cancer the expanding masses of cells form tumors that eventually push against and invade neighboring tissue, disrupting body systems. In the course of time they may metastasize, travel via the blood or lymphRead MoreVegetarians Do Not Eat Meat, And Some People Go As A Vegetarian Essay1709 Words   |  7 Pagesthat vegetarians typically consume less protein then omnivores do. Meats and sea food also contain high levels of iron. Iron deficiency can lead to increased risk of anemia which has symptoms including fatigue and weakness. In contrast, there are many people that argue that it is possible for vegetarians to get necessary nutrients from their diets. It it suggested that if a vegetarian can plan out their meals and also be aware of the needed intake of proteins and nutrients, they can get the adequateRead MoreAlcohol Consumption And Metabolic Syndrome1361 Words   |  6 PagesBoth alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome are risk factors for development of fatty liver diseases with similar pathology which ultimately can result in development of liver cancer.3, 4, 24-273, 4, 23-26 Using a two-stage mouse model in which tumor initiation by DEN was followed by a 35% high fat diet, we have previously reported increased tumor incidence, suggestive of a diet-related promotional effect.11 Consistent with these findings, in the current study, we observed increased adenomaRead MoreEssay on Pros and Cons of Vegetarian Diet762 Words   |  4 Pageshealth benefits are attributed to vegetarian diet. Population s tudies have shown an inverse relation between vegetarian diet practices and incidence of cancer, cardiovascular disease and total mortality1. A number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated the low incidence of obesity, hypertension (high blood pressure) heart diseases, diabetes, cancer etc in vegetarians as compared to meat eaters. People who consume fish and other sea food also demonstrate some advantages of vegetarian diets. 2A 24%Read MoreA Letter On The s House Of Representatives1222 Words   |  5 PagesRepresentatives 1015 Quail Street Albany NY 12201 Dear House of Representatives, As a parent, I am very concern about the pasteurized soy milk given to our children at school. I am writing you this letter on behalf of many parents who do not have the courage to stand up and speak for the wellness of their children. I was not informed about the new rules adopted by the USDA to pasteurize Soy Milk. As a citizen of this country and as a parent of the school, I believe that parents should be aware about any change

Electrical Meter Loop Essay Research Paper How free essay sample

Electrical Meter Loop Essay, Research Paper How make you hook up an electrical Meter cringle? How make you hook up an electric metre cringle? An electric metre cringle is the service entryway where the electricity feeds the place from the transformer on the pole. Therefore it is one of the most of import necessities to the place. For illustration, in a new place you need to happen out how much juice your place is traveling to necessitate. If the house is a reasonably large, more than probably you? ? rhenium traveling to travel with a 200 A service to suit the contraptions like the air conditioner, H2O warmer, drier, and scope. All of these contraptions are traveling to hold a 220 circuit, which means that they are traveling to take up two infinites on the circuit ledgeman box. These contraptions are traveling to utilize two hot? ? s ( black and ruddy wires ) a impersonal ( white ) a land ( au naturel wire ) alternatively of the 120 circuit that lone uses one hot ( black ) a impersonal and a land in an electrical box. We will write a custom essay sample on Electrical Meter Loop Essay Research Paper How or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From here you choose an electrical service ledgeman box. Depending where you live you can hold two brinies. A chief is the electrical box that distributes the electricity throughout the place. That? ? s something you have to look into with the metropolis codification. Normally people have two brinies, one exterior, and one inside their places. The ground you may desire two boxes is for safety. Say something goes incorrect with the chief ledgeman box inside. Then you can turn off the chief exterior, so this manner all power is cut off to your place. Another issue is the type of wire you want to utilize for the service: entryway Cu or aluminium. Copper is the better music director of these two, because after a period of old ages aluminium starts to eat if non decently maintained with a particular sort of pick. The aluminium may carrode so severely that the box may catch on fire. The supplies that are needed for this occupation are conduits ( polyvinyl chloride ) , if the wire is traveling to be buried, and stiff conduit or EMT conduit for the riser, depending on the codification of the metropolis or county. Following thing would be to take a ledgeman box ; there are several trade names that you can travel with similar Square-D, General electric, a nd several others. Once you choose a box, make certain the box has adequate infinites so that if in the hereafter, you decide to add on to your place or construct a work shed you will hold adequate surfs. From here you need to mensurate how much electrical wire you? ? rhenium traveling to necessitate for the occupation ( 2/0 ) . Two Ought ( 2/0 ) is the size of the wire that is normally needed for a bigger place. Remember to number the pess needed for the riser every bit good. The riser is where the wire comes out through the top of the conduit through the conditions caput. This is where the Service Company comes and connects the electricity, merely if it passes their criterions. This means if the electrical boxes are firmly fasten to the wall or station. They besides inspect the wires coming down the riser to do certain that they are firmly fastened to their Lugs on the metre can and on the ledgeman box. The metre can is the box that goes on top of the ledgeman box on the outside of the place. You besides need a 5/8 foundation rod that will mensurate about 8 foots, which you have to drive into the land, and a 5/8 foundation clinch to run a land wire from the rod to the ledgeman box. This manner the box is decently grounded. Next a mammilla is needed to link both the metre can and the ledgeman box. Surfs are besides traveling to be used. Bedrooms normally have about 3-4 mercantile establishments and 1-2 visible radiation fixtures which require a 20-amp ledgeman. A kitchen, the life room and the household room may utilize two or three individual surfs due to the contraptions. Once all the surfs are hooked up to the wires from the house to the ledgeman box and go through the review from the Service Company, so the electrical company can hook you up. These are merely some of the rudimentss to put in a 200amp metre cringle. There is still a great trade which has non been discussed. Remember, if you wear? ? Ts have any experience in this sort of electrical work and necessitate it, delight consult with a accredited lineman and your local codifications to do certain the occupation is done right the first clip about. Once the occupation is done right, opportunities are that you will neer hold to cover with the electrical system for a really long clip.

The Palestinian - Israeli Conflict free essay sample

An historical synopsis of the geographical region concerned, tracing the conflict from its origins to the present. An historical synopsis of the geographical region concerned, tracing the conflict from its origins to the present. It looks at the development of the conflict from both sides, focusing on the important role played by cultural and religious differences. We will write a custom essay sample on The Palestinian Israeli Conflict or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Amid the endless reams of paper and the innumerable hours of television coverage which have been devoted to the crisis in the Middle East, there exists no objective or universally agreed explanation of the causes, yet the effects and suffering are only too visible to all. With both sides, within the conflict, pursuing their own specific personal and political agendas, it would be futile to attempt to sift through the highly sophisticated, and often convincing, propaganda that is released to the West on a daily basis. This paper, therefore, will resist the urge to indulge in subjective analysis and evaluation of the situation, and will concentrate on providing a brief overview of the geographical and historical factors which have contributed to the continuing conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis, including the important role played by cultural and religious differences.